of the householder in 20:1–16 brings together a very wealthy landowner and day laborers. Tax collectors from the retainer level appear in 9:9–13. D. Duling has collected numerous references in the gospel to the large group of involuntary marginals which comprise the bottom level of society.127 But where in this urban society are we to locate the Matthean audience addressed by the gospel? While the gospel makes frequent reference to Jesus’ involvement with “involuntary marginals” and to the sending
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